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佰富彩2023-07-19

中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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日英签新防务协议,瞄着中国?外交部回应******

  【环球时报驻意大利特派记者 谢亚宏 环球时报报道 记者郭媛丹宋毅】日本首相岸田文雄与英国首相苏纳克于当地时间11日在伦敦塔举行会谈,期间双方签署一项新的防务协议——《互惠准入协定》(RAA)。11日接受《环球时报》记者采访的专家认为,日英签署RAA让美国最为满意,符合美国的利益。中国外交部发言人则对此回应称,有关国家开展防务合作不应将集团对抗的旧思维引入到亚太地区。

  据日本时事通讯社11日报道,岸田文雄当地时间10日晚抵达伦敦,并于11日与苏纳克举行会谈。在会谈期间,两国政府签署RAA。报道称,这是继澳大利亚后,日本与第二个国家签署RAA。法新社援引英国政府的声明称,RAA是“英日之间一个多世纪以来最重要的协议”,将允许两国规划和开展更大规模、更复杂的军事演习,并允许双方相互部署军事力量。英国《金融时报》称,英日签署RAA之际,英国政府正寻求加强在亚太地区的参与,以抗衡中国的影响力。

  11日,中国外交部发言人汪文斌在例行记者会上回应相关问题时表示,有关国家开展防务合作应当有利于增进各国间的相互理解、信任与合作,不应制造“假想敌”,更不应将集团对抗的旧思维引入到亚太地区。

  此前一天,岸田文雄在罗马与意大利总理梅洛尼举行会谈。日本《朝日新闻》11日报道称,基于日本、意大利和英国正携手推进开发下一代战斗机,在会谈期间,岸田与梅洛尼一致同意将双边关系升级为“战略伙伴关系”。为进一步深化安保防务合作,双方就创设两国外交和防务部门负责人出席的安保政策磋商机制达成共识。意大利“今日网”表示,此次战斗机合作是二战结束后日本在没有美国参与条件下的首次国防工业重大国际合作,但即便如此美国背后的作用依然显著。报道也提到岸田此访意在拉拢反华阵线,但文中只引用了梅洛尼关于印太地区是一个“日益具有战略意义的区域”的说法,除此之外,意大利没有任何其他表态。

  同样在10日,欧盟和北约签署俄乌冲突后首份安全合作联合宣言,并老调重弹,炒作“中国威胁论”,声称“中国给欧盟和北约带来需要应对的挑战”。对此,我驻欧盟使团发言人回应称,《欧盟—北约合作联合宣言》首次以官方文件形式表达双方对华共同立场,暴露出对华认知的偏见和傲慢。中方对《联合宣言》中的对华无理指责和冷战思维表示坚决反对。

  军事专家宋忠平11日告诉《环球时报》记者,日本和英国作为美国两个重要的盟国,都想跟随美国的全球战略来实现自己的大国梦想。“尤其是日本把英国勾连到印太地区,更符合美国的利益;同时,日本也希望凭借英国的力量打开北约的军火市场,因此双方一拍即合。此外,日本和英国都把中俄视为威胁。此前,美英澳打造奥库斯(AUKUS)联盟,英国就是为了配合美国的‘印太战略’,插手中国周边事务。而日本一直不希望看到中国强大,更希望包括英国在内的北约国家东扩到中国家门口,来帮助自己遏制中国的发展,配合美国的‘印太战略’。”

  宋忠平进一步表示:“欧盟和北约发表联合宣言,表示欧盟彻底放弃独立外交政策,把自身安全完全交给北约。这背后是美国的一手策划,‘阉割’了欧盟的独立自主性,让欧盟变成一个‘脑死亡’的国际组织。”

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